期刊
FASEB JOURNAL
卷 18, 期 7, 页码 1165-+出版社
FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL
DOI: 10.1096/fj.04-1815fje
关键词
glutamate toxicity; oxytosis; cystine transport; glutathione; neuroprotection
Hydrogen sulfide (H2S), which is a well-known toxic gas, is found in relatively high concentrations in the brain. Although a neuromodulatory role of H2S has been demonstrated, little is known of its other biological functions. Here we show that H2S protects primary cultures of neurons from death in a well-studied model of oxidative stress caused by glutamate, a process called oxidative glutamate toxicity - or oxytosis. We found that H2S increases the glutathione levels, which normally decrease during the cell death cascade, by enhancing the activity of gamma-glutamylcysteine synthetase and up-regulating cystine transport. Cystine ( cysteine) is the rate-limiting substrate of glutathione synthesis. These observations reveal that H2S protects neurons from oxytosis by increasing the production of the antioxidant glutathione.
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