Guidelines for calibration in analytical chemistry part 2. Multispecies calibration - (IUPAC Technical Report)

Calibration in analytical chemistry refers to the relation between sample domain and measurement domain (signal domain) expressed by an analytical function x = f(s)(Q) representing a pattern of chemical species Q and their amounts or concentrations x in a given test sample on the one hand and a measured function y =f(z) that may be a spectrum, chromatogram, etc. Simultaneous multispecies analyses are carried out mainly by spectroscopic and chromatographic methods in a more or less selective way. For the determination of n species Q(i) (i = 1, 2... n), at least n signals must be measured which should be well separated in the ideal case. In analytical practice, the situation can be different.