Ion-enrichment and ion-depletion effect of nanochannel structures

Unique properties exist in nanofluidic channels. In this paper, we report a new phenomenon, ion enrichment/depletion, associated with nanochannel structures. As a voltage is applied across a nanochannel, ions are rapidly enriched at one end and depleted at the other end of the nanochannel. The degree of this enrichment and depletion is directly related to the extent of double-layer overlap. A simple model is presented to qualitatively interpret this phenomenon.