期刊
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF SOIL SCIENCE
卷 55, 期 2, 页码 253-263出版社
BLACKWELL PUBLISHING LTD
DOI: 10.1046/j.1365-2389.2004.00596.x
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Loss of phosphorus (P) from agriculture contributes to the eutrophication of surface waters. We have assessed the magnitude and controls of P leaching and the risk of colloid-facilitated transport of P from sandy soils in Munster. Concentrations of soluble reactive P in drainage water and groundwater were monitored from 0.9 to 35 m depth. Total P concentrations, P saturation, and P sorption isotherms of soil samples were determined. Concentrations of dispersible soil P and colloidal P in drainage water and groundwater were investigated. The concentrations of soluble reactive P in drainage water and groundwater were close to background concentrations (<20 μg P l(-1)). Median concentrations in excess of 100 μg P l(-1) were found down to 5.6 m depth at one of four research sites and in the lower part of the aquifer. Experimentally determined equilibrium concentrations and the degree of P saturation were good predictors of P concentrations of drainage water. Large concentrations of dispersible P were released from soil with large concentrations of oxalate-extractable P and addition of P induced further dispersion. Colloidal P was transported in a P-rich subsoil when there was a large flow of water and after nitrate had been flushed from the soil profile and total solute concentrations were small. We conclude that the concentration of soluble reactive P in drainage water is controlled by rapid adsorption in the sandy soils. Subsurface transport of dissolved P contributes substantially to the loss of P from the soils we investigated. Accumulation of P in soils increases the risk of colloid-facilitated leaching of P.
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