期刊
APPLIED THERMAL ENGINEERING
卷 56, 期 1-2, 页码 45-53出版社
PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
DOI: 10.1016/j.applthermaleng.2013.03.022
关键词
Cu-gear oil nanofluid; Thermal conductivity; Viscosity; Temperature dependence; Interfacial layer; Particle agglomeration
资金
- Department of Science & Technology (DST), New Delhi
- CSIR Senior Research Fellowship
Stable and well dispersed Cu-gear oil (IBP Haulic-68) nanofluids having Cu nanoparticles volume concentration between 0.11 and 2% are prepared with oleic acid surfactant. Presence of agglomerated Cu nanoparticles in the prepared nanofluids is confirmed from Dynamic Light Scattering (DLS) data. Thermal conductivity and viscosity measurements are performed both as function of nanoparticle concentration and temperature between 10 and 80 degrees C. Thermal conductivity enhancement of 24% is observed with 2 vol% of Cu nanoparticle loading at room temperature. The formation of interfacial layer at the nanoparticle-liquid boundary and the ballistic transport of phonons across the percolating aggregates are believed to be responsible for the observed thermal conductivity enhancement. Viscosity of Cu (2 vol%)-gear oil nanofluids shows similar to 71% enhancement at 30 degrees C. Newtonian behavior of gear oil changes to non-Newtonian behavior with the appearance of shear thinning for higher loading of Cu nanoparticles. Modified Krieger-Dougherty equation considering the role of aggregation predicts reasonably well Cu vol% dependence of viscosity of Cu-gear oil nanofluids and its temperature dependence is well accounted by the modified Andrade equation. (c) 2013 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
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