Preparation and characterization of ruthenium-doped polypyrrole composites for supercapacitor

Polypyrrole (PPY) composite powders doped with RuCl(3)(.)xH(2)O of variable mass were prepared by away of in situ chemical polymerization. Their electrochemical properties were investigated with cyclic voltammetry, charge-discharge tests and ac impedance spectroscopy in 1 M NaNO3. Morphology and crystalline structure of these Ru-doped PPY powders were examined by transmission electron microscopic (TEM). The PPY/Ru composite electrodes show much higher specific capacitance than pure PPY electrode so that they are more promising for application in supercapacitor. (C) 2004 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.