Stark effect in Au(111) and Cu(111) surface states -: art. no. 033401

We present a low-temperature scanning tunneling spectroscopy study of the Au(111) and of the Cu(111) surface states showing that their binding energy increases when the tip approaches towards the surface. This result, supported by a one-dimensional model calculation and by a comparison to existing photoemission spectroscopy measurements, confirms the existence of a tip-induced Stark effect as previously reported for Ag(111) [ L. Limot , Phys. Rev. Lett.PRLTAO 91, 196801 (2003) ], and suggests that this effect is a general feature of scanning tunneling spectroscopy.