Strong-weak coupling self-duality in the two-dimensional quantum phase transition of p+ip superconducting arrays -: art. no. 047003

The 2D quantum phase transition that occurs in a square lattice of Josephson-coupled p+/-ip superconductors is an example of how four-body interactions in d=2 reproduce nonperturbative effects caused by two-body interactions in d=1. The ordered phase has an unconventional bond order of the local T-breaking variable. This problem can be analyzed using an exact self-duality; this duality in classical notation is the 3D generalization of the Kramers-Wannier duality of the 2D Ising model, and there are similar exact dualities in dimensions dgreater than or equal to3. We discuss the excitation spectrum and experimental signatures of the ordered and disordered phases, and the relationship between our model and previously studied behavior of 2D boson models with four-boson interactions.