期刊
JOURNAL AMERICAN WATER WORKS ASSOCIATION
卷 107, 期 3, 页码 E152-E163出版社
AMER WATER WORKS ASSOC
DOI: 10.5942/jawwa.2015.107.0013
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N-nitrosodimethylamine (NDMA) is a disinfection by-product formed when chloramines react with watershed-derived or water treatment polymer-derived precursors. The authors examined the sorption potential of both precursor groups to powdered and granular activated carbon (PAC and GAG). AC reduced NDMA formation potential (NDMAFP) by 30-80% when only watershed precursors were present. Polydiallyldimethylammonium chloride (polyDADMAC)derived precursors were not removed well by AC. Seven samples of polyDADMAC from across the United States produced 47 +/- 3 ng NDMAFP/mg active polymer after coagulation and settling, which is about one-third of the NDMAFP formed in ultrapure water. Ultrapure water was the same as that used for the polyarnine testing. Polyamine (340 ng/mg) formed NDMA when diluted in ultrapure water with chloramines, but the precursors were effectively removed by AC. PolyDADMAC use always increased the NDMAFP of the settled water regardless of dose; this suggests that the optimum dose should be based on turbidity removal with consideration for balancing NDMA formation.
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