Synthesis, structure, and substitution mechanism of new Ru(II) complexes containing 1,4,7-trithiacyclononane and 1,10-phenanthroline ligands

Two new Ru complexes containing the 1,10-phenanthroline (phen) and 1,4,7-trithiacyclononane ([9]aneS(3), SCH2CH2SCH2CH2SCH2CH2) ligands of general formula [Ru(phen)(L)([9]aneS(3))](2+) (L = MeCN, 3; L = pyridine (py), 4) have been prepared and thoroughly characterized. Structural characterization in the solid state has been performed by means of X-ray diffraction analyses, which show a distorted octahedral environment for a diamagnetic d(6) Ru(II), as expected. H-1 NMR spectroscopy provides evidence that the same structural arrangement is maintained in solution. Further spectroscopic characterization has been carried out by UV-vis spectroscopy where the higher pi acceptor capability of MeCN versus the py ligand is manifested in a 9-15-nm blue shift in its MLCT bands. The E-1/2 redox potential of the Ru(III)/Ru(II) couple for 3 is anodically shifted with respect to its Ru-py analogue, 4, by 60 mV, which is also in agreement with a higher electron-withdrawing capacity of the former. The mechanism for the reaction Ru-py + MeCN --> Ru-MeCN + py has also been investigated at different temperatures with and without irradiation. In the absence of irradiation at 326 K, the thermal process gives kinetic constants of k(2) 1.4 x 10(-5) S-1 (DeltaH(+/-) = 108 +/- 3 kJ mol(-1), DeltaS(+/-) = -8 +/- 9 J K-1 mol(-1)) and k(-2) = 2.9 x 10(-6) s(-1) (DeltaH(+/-) = 121 +/- 1kJ mol(-1), DeltaS(+/-) = 18 +/- 3 J K-1 mol(-1)). The phototriggered process is faster and consists of preequilibrium formation of an intermediate that thermally decays to the final Ru-MeCN complex with an apparent rate constant of (k(1)K(hv))(app) = 1.8 x 10(-4) s(-1) at 304 K, under the continuous irradiation experimental conditions used.