期刊
AQUATIC TOXICOLOGY
卷 69, 期 3, 页码 271-280出版社
ELSEVIER
DOI: 10.1016/j.aquatox.2004.06.002
关键词
copper; rainbow trout; Oncorhynchus mykiss; metallothionein; hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF); gill damage; diffusion distance
Rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) were exposed to 1.65 muM of waterborne copper for 24 h. Fish were then transferred to metal-free water. Metallothionein mRNA induction in rainbow trout liver and gill tissue, hypoxia-inducible factor-1 (HIF-1alpha) accumulation in gill tissue and arithmetic mean thickness of gill epithelium (Ha,) were determined at 4 and 24 h of exposure as well as 48 h after transfer to metal-free water. The arithmetic mean distance from water to blood was significantly elevated after both 4 and 24 h of exposure (H-ar was 4.67 and 4.66 mum, respectively in exposed fish, compared to 3.81 and 3.62 mum for the corresponding control fish). During the 48 h recovery Har returned towards the control values; the recovery value of 4.21 mum was significantly lower than values during exposures. There was also a significant increase in gill metallothionein mRNA levels after the 4 h exposure with MT/GAPDH ratio of 1.288 versus the control value of 0.988. In liver, metallothionein induction was not observed. HIF-1alpha protein showed an increased accumulation in gills after 4h, with the HIF-1alpha/alpha-tubulin ratio of 0.562 being significantly higher than the 24 h exposure value of 0.232. These results suggest that exposure to copper for four hours causes hypoxia in the gill epithelium, which is adequate for the activation of HIF-1alpha. (C) 2004 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
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