Source contributions to ambient VOCs and CO at a rural site in Eastern China

Ambient data on volatile organic compounds (VOCs) and carbon monoxide (CO) obtained at a rural site in eastern China are analyzed to investigate the nature of emission sources and their relative contributions to ambient concentrations. A principal component analysis (PCA) showed that vehicle emissions and biofuel burning, biomass burning and industrial emissions were the major sources of VOCs and CO at the rural site. The source apportionments were then evaluated using an absolute principal component scores (APCS) technique combined with multiple linear regressions. The results indicated that 71% +/- 5% (average +/- standard error) of the total VOC emissions were attributed to a combination of vehicle emissions and biofuel burning, and 7% +/- 3% to gasoline evaporation and solvent emissions. Both biomass burning and industrial emissions contributed to 11% +/- 1% and 11% +/- 0.03% of the total VOC emissions, respectively. In addition, vehicle emissions and biomass and biofuel burning accounted for 96% +/- 6% of the total CO emissions at the rural site, of which the biomass burning was responsible for 18% +/- 3%. The results based on PCA/APCS are generally consistent with those from the emission inventory, although a larger relative contribution to CO from biomass burning is indicated from our analysis. (C) 2004 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.