Phytosterols, triterpene alcohols, and phospholipids in seed oil from white lupin

This study was conducted to determine effects of genotypes and growing environment on phytosterols, triterpene alcohols, and phospholipids (PL) in lupin (Lupinus albus L.) oil from seven genotypes grown in Maine and Virginia. The unsaponifiable lipid (UNSAP) and phospholipid (PL) fractions ranged from 2.1 to 2.8% and from 2.6 to 2.8% of oil, respectively. UNSAP in lupin oil contained 19.9 to 28.7% sterols and 17.3 to 22.0% triterpene alcohols. Growing location significantly affected contents of total PL, PS, phosphaticlylglycerol, beta-sitosterol, campesterol, and P-amyrin. Genotypic effects were significant for stigmasterol. PC (32.6 to 46.3% of PL), PE (21.6 to 32% of PL), and PS (11.2 to 17.9% of PL) were the major PL in lupin oil. The concentration of PL classes in lupin oil were in the following descending order: PC > PE > PS > PI > phosphatidic acid > lysophosphatidylcholine > phosphaticlylglycerol > diphosphatidylglycerol. In descending order of abundance, the sterols present in lupin oil were: beta-sitosterol > campesterol > stigmasterol > Delta(5)-avenasterol > Delta(7)-stigmastenol. Lupeol was the most prominent triterpene alcohol in lupin seed oil. In general, growing environment had a much greater influence on lupin oil characteristics than the genotypes.