期刊
PERSONALITY AND SOCIAL PSYCHOLOGY BULLETIN
卷 30, 期 11, 页码 1433-1445出版社
SAGE PUBLICATIONS INC
DOI: 10.1177/0146167204264336
关键词
individual mobility; token system; meritocracy; disadvantage; discrimination; aspirations; social structure
Two studies investigated the impact of past ingroup experiences on individual aspirations and effort. Participants were told that in the past, members of their group had either been offered no opportunities (closed),few opportunities (token), or equal opportunities (open) to achieve a desired outcome. The results show that past group experiences determine responses to current opportunities and affect the perceived feasibility of individual success as well as individual performance. Exposure to a token system has different effects, depending on whether the group is historically advantaged or disadvantaged. Whereas those with a collect live history of success see token mobility as a challenge and show superior Performance, the same situation constitutes a threat to members of a historically disadvantaged group, who fail to take advantage of the opportunities offered to them and Perform suboptimally.
作者
我是这篇论文的作者
点击您的名字以认领此论文并将其添加到您的个人资料中。
推荐
暂无数据