期刊
APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS
卷 96, 期 19, 页码 -出版社
AMER INST PHYSICS
DOI: 10.1063/1.3427430
关键词
caesium compounds; conduction bands; doping; electron mobility; hole mobility; organic compounds; photoelectron spectra; tungsten compounds; ultraviolet spectra
资金
- National Science Foundation [DMR-0705920]
- Princeton MRSEC of the NSF [DMR-0819860]
- Office of Science DOE [DE-S0001084]
- German Federal Ministry for Education and Research [FKZ: 13N8995, 13N9152]
- Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG)
The energetics of an archetype charge generation layer (CGL) architecture comprising of 4,4',4 ''-tris(N-carbazolyl)triphenylamine (TCTA), tungsten oxide (WO3), and bathophenanthroline (BPhen) n-doped with cesium carbonate (Cs2CO3) are determined by ultraviolet and inverse photoemission spectroscopy. We show that the charge generation process occurs at the interface between the hole-transport material (TCTA) and WO3 and not, as commonly assumed, at the interface between WO3 and the n-doped electron-transport material (BPhen:Cs2CO3). However, the n-doped layer is also essential to the realization of an efficient CGL structure. The charge generation mechanism occurs via electron transfer from the TCTA highest occupied molecular orbital level to the transition metal-oxide conduction band. (C) 2010 American Institute of Physics. [doi:10.1063/1.3427430]
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