Time domain analyses of the converse magnetoelectric effect in a multiferroic metallic glass-relaxor ferroelectric heterostructure

The dynamic time domain response of the converse magnetoelectric effect in a multiferroic Metglas((R))/Pb(Mg1/3Nb2/3)O-3-PbTiO3 (PMN-PT) heterostructure, under the application of a square waveform electric field excitation of 8 kV/cm at a frequency of 0.4 Hz, is reported. The relaxation behavior followed a stretched power-law function allowing the calculation of an intrinsic time constant. Aging behavior of magnetoelectric coupling was observed after polarization switching of 1000 cycles. These phenomena are predominantly attributed to the temporal response of polarization within the PMN-PT crystal. Results elucidate the dynamic properties of relaxor-based multiferroic heterostructures and importantly define operational constraints for low frequency device operation.