We report on the detailed analysis of femtosecond surface plasmon polariton (SPP) pulse generation under resonant excitation. Using prism coupling technique we excite femtosecond SPP pulses at a gold/air interface with ultrafast laser pulses. We show that the photon-SPP coupling is a resonant process with a finite spectral bandwidth that causes a spectral phase shift and a narrowing of the SPP pulse spectrum. Both effects result in a temporal pulse broadening and, therefore, set a lower limit on the duration of ultrafast SPP pulses with consequences for ultrafast SPP applications. (c) 2008 American Institute of Physics.
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