Organic solar cells protected by very thick naphthalene tetracarboxylic anhydride films

The insertion of very thick naphthalene tetracarboxylic anhydride films under vacuum-deposited metal electrodes effectively protected pn-heterojunction organic solar cells from shorting-out electrically. Fill-factors of 0.56 and conversion efficiencies (corrected for absorbed light) of 3.07% were observed. The present technique would be a powerful tool for the fabrication of large area organic solar cells. (C) 2004 American Institute of Physics.