期刊
JOURNAL OF PHYSICS-CONDENSED MATTER
卷 16, 期 50, 页码 R1577-R1613出版社
IOP PUBLISHING LTD
DOI: 10.1088/0953-8984/16/50/R02
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Bound electron-hole pairs-excitons-are light Bose particles with a mass comparable to or smaller than that of the free electron. Since the quantum degeneracy temperature scales inversely with the mass, it is anticipated that Bose-Einstein condensation of an exciton gas can be achieved at temperatures of about I K, orders of magnitude larger than the micro-Kelvin temperatures employed in atomic condensation. High quantum degeneracy temperatures and the possibility to control exciton density by laser photoexcitation make cold excitons a model system for studies of collective states and many-body phenomena in a system of cold bosons. Experimentally, an exciton temperature well below 1 K is achieved in a gas of indirect excitons in coupled quantum-well semiconductor heterostructures. Here, we overview phenomena in the cold exciton gases: condensation, pattern formation, and macroscopically ordered exciton states.
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