Microstructures and photovoltaic properties of perovskite-type CH3NH3PbI3 compounds

TiO2/CH3NH3PbI3-based photovoltaic devices were fabricated. The microstructures of these devices were investigated by X-ray diffraction, transmission electron microscopy, and their calculations. Structure analysis indicated phase transformation of the perovskite structure from a tetragonal to a cubic system by annealing, which resulted in the improvement of photovoltaic properties of the devices. Effects of a multiple spin-coating method using a mixture solution were also investigated. The result showed an increase in the efficiencies of the devices, due to the microstructural change of the perovskite compound layers. (C) 2014 The Japan Society of Applied Physics