Shubnikov-de Haas Oscillations in Single-Crystal Bismuth Nanowires Encased in Quartz Template

Shubnikov-de Haas (SdH) oscillations were measured at 0.3 K in bismuth nanowires with diameters of 393, 548, and 622 nm, and lengths of over 1 mm, which were encased in quartz templates. The magnetoresistance was measured up to a magnetic field of 17 T. Distinct SdH oscillations were observed, and the nanowire samples were rotated in the magnetic field to determine the contribution due to holes, electrons, and spin-orbit interactions. For the 622-nm-diameter nanowire, for example, values of 30.7 meV and 1.66 x 10(17) cm(-3) were obtained for the Fermi energy and carrier density, respectively, which were similar to the values for bulk bismuth. (C) 2013 The Japan Society of Applied Physics