Electrogenerated Thin Films of Microporous Polymer Networks with Remarkably Increased Electrochemical Response to Nitroaromatic Analytes

Thin films of microporous polymer networks (MPNs) have been generated by electrochemical polymerization of a series of multifunctional carbazole-based monomers. The microporous films show high Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET) surface areas up to 1300 m(2) g(-1) as directly measured by krypton sorption experiments. A correlation between the number of polymerizable carbazole units of the monomer and the resulting surface area is observed. Electrochemical sensing experiments with 1,3,5-trinitrobenzene as prototypical nitroaromatic analyte demonstrate an up to 180 times increased current response of MPN-modified glassy carbon electrodes in relation to the nonmodified electrode. The phenomenon probably involves intermolecular interactions between the electron-poor nitroaromatic analytes and the electron-rich, high surface area microporous deposits, with the electrochemical reduction at the MPN-modified electrodes being an adsorption-controlled process for low scan rates. We expect a high application potential of such MPN-modified electrodes for boosting the sensitivity of electrochemical sensor devices.