Analysis of laminated documents using solid-phase microextraction

To evaluate the condition of a laminated document, it is helpful to identify the plasticizers present in the cellulose diacetate lamination film. Plasticizers degrade more readily than the polymer, and some are less stable than others. Solid-phase rnicroextraction in combination with gas chromatography-mass spectroscopy analysis is a simple, nondestructive, and sensitive technique for studying plasticizers and other additives in laminated documents. In this project, five types of solid-phase microextraction fibers were used to study films that contained various combinations of plasticizers. Laminated documents related to the Louisiana Purchase were also studied. Plasticizers were easily identified, as well as the possible degradation products phthalic anhydride and phenol. Various types of films were readily distinguished. With further study it may be possible to better understand the deterioration process by relating the original composition of the cellulose diacetate film to the present condition of a laminated document.