期刊
NEUROTOXICOLOGY AND TERATOLOGY
卷 27, 期 3, 页码 515-524出版社
PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
DOI: 10.1016/j.ntt.2004.12.007
关键词
neural tube defect; genetics; teratology
资金
- NICHD NIH HHS [P01 HD039948-010005, P01 HD039948] Funding Source: Medline
- NIEHS NIH HHS [U19 ES011375] Funding Source: Medline
- NINDS NIH HHS [R01 NS039818, P01 NS026630, R01 NS039818-05] Funding Source: Medline
Birth defects (congenital anomalies) are the leading cause of death in babies under 1 year of age. Neural tube defects (NTD), with a birth incidence of approximately 1/1000 in American Caucasians, are the second most common type of birth defect after congenital heart defects. The most common presentations of NTD are spina bifida and anencephaly. The etiologies of NTDs are complex, with both genetic and environmental factors implicated. In this manuscript, we review the evidence for genetic etiology and for environmental influences, and we present current views on the developmental processes involved in human neural tube closure. (c) 2004 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
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