Aspergillus mastoiditis in a patient with systemic lupus erythematosus: A case report

Fungal mastoiditis caused by Aspergillus fumigatus predominantly occurs in immunocompromised patients. Invasive temporal bone mycoses are rare. They are usually associated with host immunodeficiency, are difficult to diagnose, and many cases are fatal. Treatment consists of antifungal chemotherapy, surgical debridement, and attempts to control the underlying immunological condition. Published reports describe patients with previous ear pathology and associated facial nerve dysfunction. We report a case in a patient with systemic lupus erythematosus. A good outcome followed surgical debridement and the use of a new triazole antifungal agent, voriconazole. Our patient's facial nerve function was unaffected. The presence of normal facial nerve function, however, does not exclude the possibility of invasive fungal mastoiditis.