Experience influences settling behaviour in desert isopods, Hemilepistus reaumuri

Habitat quality, and the levels of habitat variables that are associated with good habitat, can vary between years. Therefore, animals that are able to adjust their habitat selectivity should enjoy higher fitness. I examined the use of experience in habitat selection during natal dispersal in Hemilepistus reaumuri, a monogamous, semelparous desert isopod. Young from the previous year emerge in the spring and walk from a few to over one thousand metres before establishing burrows or settling in already established burrows. Isopods were held in outdoor pens for 7-day priming treatments, then moved to new pens and tested for settling 4 days later. Perceived habitat quality was defined as the fraction of isopods settling in each pen during its use in the 7-day priming treatments. Settling was tested as a function of the change in perceived quality isopods experienced. Settling was significantly positively correlated with change in perceived quality, suggesting that experience is used to prime habitat selection during dispersal, and that the effects of experience last at least a few days in desert isopods. Time of year also had a significant positive effect on settling. The effect of change in perceived quality was stronger than the effect of perceived quality in the final pen. If changes in habitat are used to calibrate settling decisions, longer dispersal distances may be needed to allow for habitats to be compared. Use of experience to regulate settling may also affect the population dispersal response to habitat change. (c) 2005 The Association for the Study of Animal Behaviour. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.