期刊
INTERNAL MEDICINE
卷 44, 期 5, 页码 428-433出版社
JAPAN SOC INTERNAL MEDICINE
DOI: 10.2169/internalmedicine.44.428
关键词
AL amyloidosis; autologous peripheral blood stem cell transplantation; free light chain; high-dose melphalan; immunofixation; M-protein; VAD
Objective Immunoglobulin-related free light chains (FLCs) in serum have recently become quantitatively detectable using the nephelometric assay in plasma cell disorders, including multiple myeloma and AL amyloidosis. To investigate whether FLCs are useful as a diagnostic and therapeutic marker in Japanese patients with primary systemic AL amyloidosis, we determined these values in serum before and after chemotherapy. Patients and Methods The serum FLC analysis was carried out in 25 patients with primary systemic AL amyloidosis (mean age, 60.1 +/- 8.4 years). All of the patients were shown to have either AL kappa- or AL),immunoreactive amyloid deposits on biopsied tissues. Thirteen patients were treated with VAD (vincristine, doxorubicin and dexamethasone) alone (n=6) or VAD and subsequent high-dose melphalan followed by autologous stem cell support (n=7), and serum FLCs were serially determined before and after the chemotherapy. Results Before chemotherapy the amyloidogenic FLC was elevated in serum with or without abnormal kappa/lambda ratios in 24 patients, including 5 with undetectable M-protein in both serum and urine on immunofixation. After chemotherapy the amyloidogenic FLC in serum was significantly decreased irrespective of high-dose melphalan (p < 0.05), and all the patients with normalized kappa/lambda ratios showed a good prognosis. Conclusions With respect to sensitivity and quantification serum FLCs will be a key marker for diagnosis and therapeutic effects in primary systemic AL amyloidosis. The prognosis of patients with this disease may be improved if the kappa/lambda ratio in serum can be normalized by intensive chemotherapy.
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