Effects of temperature and photoperiod on the development and reproduction of Adoxophyes honmai (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae)

The effects of constant temperature and photoperiod on the development and reproduction of Adoxophyes honmai Yasuda (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae) were investigated. The durations of the larval and pupal stages decreased in the range from 15 to 28 degrees C, but the developmental periods were longer at 30 degrees C than at 28 degrees C. The developmental zero and the thermal constants were calculated to be 9.8 degrees C and 104.1 degree-days for eggs, 9.3 degrees C and 232.6 degree-days for larvae, 11.5 degrees C and 76.3 degree-days for pupae, and 10.3 degrees C and 417.0 degree-days from egg to adult emergence. The temperature significantly affected the number of eggs deposited by a single female, the proportion of eggs hatched, and the longevity of adult females. At both 15 and 20 degrees C, larval and pupal developmental periods were significantly shorter for the long-day length of 16L:8D than for the short-day length of 10L:14D.