期刊
PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
卷 102, 期 18, 页码 6320-6325出版社
NATL ACAD SCIENCES
DOI: 10.1073/pnas.0405654102
关键词
ganglioside; clustering; cholera toxin; bilayer
资金
- NCRR NIH HHS [P41-RR04224] Funding Source: Medline
- NIAID NIH HHS [R01 AI018306] Funding Source: Medline
- NIGMS NIH HHS [T32 GM008267] Funding Source: Medline
The mechanisms by which a cell uses and adapts its functional membrane organization are poorly understood and are the subject of ongoing investigation and discussion. Here, we study one proposed mechanism: the crosslinking of membrane components. in immune cell signaling (and other membrane-associated processes), a small change in the clustering of specific membrane proteins can lead to large-scale reorganizations that involve numerous other membrane components. We have investigated the large-scale physical effect of crosslinking a minor membrane component, the ganglioside GM(1), in simple lipid models of the plasma membrane containing sphingomyelin, cholesterol, and phosphatidylcholine. We observe that crosslinking GM(1) can cause uniform membranes to phase-separate into large, coexistent liquid ordered and liquid disordered membrane domains. We also find that this lipid separation causes a dramatic redistribution of a transmembrane peptide, consistent with a raft model of membrane organization. These experiments demonstrate a mechanism that could contribute to the effects of crosslinking observed in cellular processes: Domains induced by clustering a small number of proteins or lipids might rapidly reorganize many other membrane proteins.
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