High efficiency electrochemical immuno sensors using 3D comb electrodes

To realize highly sensitive electrochemical immunoassays, a micro-fabricated three-dimensional (313) electrode was fabricated and applied to enzyme immuno assay based on production of a redox species. The dimensions of the electrodes are 10 mu m in width and 30 mu m in height, with 20 mu m spacing in between, and the 30 pairs of anode and cathode electrodes made up a single sensor. This structure lead to enhancement of the electrochemical reaction, nearly 100% of trap ratio of redox species. It can be applied to highly sensitive enzyme immuno sensing based on p-aminophenylphosphate (PAPP). Applicability of this technique to the immuno assay for one of the clinical diagnostic marker proteins (alpha-fetoprotein; AFP) from 6 to 500 ng/mL was demonstrated. (c) 2004 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.