期刊
NEUROCHEMICAL RESEARCH
卷 30, 期 6-7, 页码 883-893出版社
SPRINGER/PLENUM PUBLISHERS
DOI: 10.1007/s11064-005-6961-x
关键词
antioxidant; apoptosis; bcl-2; calcium; learning and memory; mitochondria; transcription
The transcription factor nuclear factor kappa-B (NF-kappa B) is involved in regulating responses of neurons to activation of several different signaling pathways in a variety of physiological and pathological settings. During development of the nervous system NF-kappa B is activated in growing neurons by neurotrophic factors and can induce the expression of genes involved in cell differentiation and survival. In the mature nervous system NF-kappa B is activated in synapses in response to excitatory synaptic transmission and may play a pivotal role in processes such as learning and memory. NF-kappa B is activated in neurons and glial cells in acute neurodegenerative conditions such as stroke and traumatic injury, as well as in chronic neurodegenerative conditions such as Alzheimer's disease. Activation of NF-kappa B in neurons can promote their survival by inducing the expression of genes encoding anti-apoptotic proteins such as Bcl-2 and the antioxidant enzyme Mn-superoxide dismutase. On the other hand, by inducing the production and release of inflammatory cytokines, reactive oxygen molecules and excitotoxins, activation of NF-kappa B in microglia and astrocytes may contribute to neuronal degeneration. Emerging findings suggest roles for NF-kappa B as a mediator of effects of behavioral and dietary factors on neuronal plasticity. NF-kappa B provides an attractive target for the development of novel therapeutic approaches for a range of neurological disorders.
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