On unitary/Hermitian duality in matrix models

Unitary 1-matrix models are shown to be exactly equivalent to Hermitian 1-matrix models coupled to 2N vectors with appropriate potentials, to all orders in the 1/N expansion. This fact allows us to use all the techniques developed and results obtained in Hermitian 1-matrix models to investigate unitary as well as other 1-matrix models with the Haar measure on the unitary group. We demonstrate the use of this duality in various examples, including: (1) an explicit confirmation that the unitary matrix formulation of the N = 2 pure SU(2) gauge theory correctly reproduces the genus-1 topological string amplitude (2) derivations of the special geometry relations in unitary as well as the Chrn-Simons matrix models. (c) 2005 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.