期刊
APPLIED CATALYSIS A-GENERAL
卷 475, 期 -, 页码 169-178出版社
ELSEVIER
DOI: 10.1016/j.apcata.2014.01.033
关键词
Nitrobenzene hydrogenation; 4-aminophenol; Trifluoroacetic acid; Reusable solvent; Hydrogenation mechanism
资金
- Ca' Foscari University of Venice
The preparation of 4-aminophenol via hydrogenation of nitrobenzene in a single liquid phase has been carried in the presence of different precious metal catalysts. The liquid phase is composed of CH3CN-H2O-CF3COOH, which can be easily distilled at low temperature, thus avoiding work-up operation. The yield of 4-aminophenol is in the range 45% and in the presence of sulfolane as promoter reaches almost 50%. The best result has been obtained in the presence of Pt/C as hydrogenation catalyst. The role of the solvent is strictly related to the selectivity to 4-aminophenol, since CH3CN decreases the hydrogenation activity compared to other solvent, CF3COOH promotes the formation of the desired product both via Bamberger rearrangement in solution as well by a surface catalyzed reaction, while H2O is responsible for 4-aminophenol formation in both reactions. Even though, nitrosobenzene and phenylhydroxylamine have not been observed, their reactivity suggest a complex pattern of reactions occurring either on the catalyst surface or in the solution. Indeed, formation of 4-aminophenol may occur both in solution, via acid catalyzed Bamberger rearrangement and on the catalyst surface by the formation of a surface Pt-nitrenium complex, which undergoes surface nucleophilic attack by H2O. (C) 2014 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
作者
我是这篇论文的作者
点击您的名字以认领此论文并将其添加到您的个人资料中。
推荐
暂无数据