期刊
APPLIED CATALYSIS A-GENERAL
卷 486, 期 -, 页码 42-48出版社
ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
DOI: 10.1016/j.apcata.2014.08.019
关键词
Titanium hydrogenphosphate; Dual acidity; Carbohydrates; 5-Hydroxymethyl furfural; Biphasic solvent
资金
- Center for direct Catalytic Conversion of Biomass to Biofuels (C3Bio), Energy Frontier Research Center - U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science, and Office of Basic Energy Sciences [DE-SC0000997]
- Council of Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR), India
- CSIR
- UGC
Dual Bronsted and Lewis acidity of solid acid catalysts enhances selective production of 5-hydroxymethylfurfural (HMF). This report describes a simple template-free synthetic approach for the preparation of titanium hydrogenphosphate (TiHP) material containing Lewis and Bronsted acid sites. As-synthesized material has been thoroughly analyzed by several analytical methods for elucidating its structural properties, including determination of the presence of Bronsted acidic phosphate group and measurement of total acid density. NH3-TPD data reveals high surface acidity (1.43 mmol g(-1)) of the TiHP, which is indeed reflects to its catalytic effectiveness for the conversion of fructose, giving 55% HMF in biphasic solvent. Glucose conversion gives better yield (35%) when the reaction was carried out in a larger reactor (2 L Parr reactor), which might be due to better mechanical stirring and hence higher mixing efficiency of the reactants. Bronsted acid sites in the catalyst facilitated the formation of furan ring opening product, levulinic acid, at higher temperatures. The catalyst shows excellent recyclability and the recovered catalyst after the 3rd cycles retained XRD and TGA characteristics. (C) 2014 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
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