期刊
APPLIED CATALYSIS A-GENERAL
卷 379, 期 1-2, 页码 172-181出版社
ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
DOI: 10.1016/j.apcata.2010.03.018
关键词
Anisole; Phenolic compounds; HZSM-5; Methoxy group; Biomass conversion; Bio-oil upgrading
资金
- National Science Foundation EPSCOR [0814361]
- Department of Energy [DE-FG36GO88064]
- Oklahoma Bioenergy Center
- EPSCoR
- Office Of The Director [0814361] Funding Source: National Science Foundation
Conversion of anisole, a typical component of bio-oil, was studied over an HZSM-5 zeolite at varying space times (W/F), reaction temperatures, type of carrier gas, and concentration of water in the feed. Several bimolecular and unimolecular reactions are proposed to explain the evolution of products observed. The bimolecular reactions include the following transalkylation reactions: (a) anisoles to phenol and methylanisole; (b) phenol and methylanisole to cresols; (c) phenol and anisole to cresol and phenol; (d) methylanisole and cresol to phenol and xylenol. A pseudo first-order kinetic model based on these bimolecular reactions was found to describe well the observed product distribution as a function of W/F. It is observed that shape selectivity effects prevail over electrophilic substitution and thermodynamic equilibrium effects in the formation of methylanisole isomers. However, the opposite is true for the distribution of cresol isomers. The kinetic analysis indicates that the contribution of unimolecular reactions such as isomerization is much lower than that of bimolecular reactions. The carrier gas composition was found to have a moderate effect on catalyst activity. When H-2 was used as a carrier, catalyst stability showed a moderate improvement in comparison to the runs under He. However, a remarkable increase in catalytic activity was observed upon the addition of water in the feed. (C) 2010 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
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