期刊
JOURNAL OF CELLULAR BIOCHEMISTRY
卷 95, 期 4, 页码 649-656出版社
WILEY
DOI: 10.1002/jcb.20461
关键词
pancreas; cancer; risk factors; epidemiology
In the United States, the cumulative mortality or lifetime risk of dying from pancreatic cancer is about 1-2%, but although this form of cancer is rare, nearly a 11 patients die from the disease with in one to two years. Because of its lethality, pancreatic cancer now ranks fourth as a Cause of death from cancer. There are country-specific differences in rates, perhaps explained by differences in life-style factors or diet. African-Americans in the USA have rates that are about 50% higher than Caucasians. Smoking is the major known risk factor for this cancer, explaining 20-30% of all cases. Another 5-10% of causes are caused by germline mutations, with mutations in BRCA2 being the most frequent. Two background diseases increase the risk of pancreatic cancer-pancreatitis, and diabetes. Major challenges presented by this cancer are: 1) determination of the molecular pathways that make this cancer so aggressive; 2) development of new modalities, perhaps based on proteomics, to enhance early detection. (c) 2005 Wiley-Liss, Inc.
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