期刊
ANNALS OF EPIDEMIOLOGY
卷 15, 期 6, 页码 421-423出版社
ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC
DOI: 10.1016/j.annepidem.2004.10.004
关键词
positive confounding; negative confounding; bias; teaching aid
Anticipating the direction of a confounding variable can be problematic especially to introductory students. Using elementary rules of mathematics, we describe below a simple instructional tool for deriving the direction of confounding bias. The tool is illustrated with examples and a heuristic mathematical justification is also described.
作者
我是这篇论文的作者
点击您的名字以认领此论文并将其添加到您的个人资料中。
推荐
暂无数据