期刊
PSYCHOPHARMACOLOGY
卷 180, 期 2, 页码 306-315出版社
SPRINGER
DOI: 10.1007/s00213-005-2167-9
关键词
nicotine; smoking; obesity
资金
- NIDA NIH HHS [1F31 DA 015949, DA-11649-01A2] Funding Source: Medline
- PHS HHS [P5084718] Funding Source: Medline
Rationale: Tobacco use and obesity lead to significant morbidity and mortality. Objective: This study was conducted to investigate the factors maintaining smoking behavior in lean and obese individuals by utilizing a mouse/human cross-validation model of nicotine reward. Methods: In humans, a cigarette choice paradigm was used to examine the relative reinforcing value of nicotine in obese and non-obese smokers. Conditioned place preference (CPP) for nicotine was assessed in mice fed standard low fat rodent chow and mice rendered obese by a high fat diet. Results: In humans, obese smokers self-administered nicotine via cigarettes significantly less often than non-obese smokers and showed attenuated hedonic effects of nicotine-containing cigarettes compared to denicotinized cigarettes. Similarly, mice exposed to a high fat diet did not exhibit nicotine CPP, relative to control mice. mRNA levels for mu-opiate and leptin receptors were also down-regulated in the ventral tegmental area of these mice. Conclusions: Together, these studies provide the first evidence for reduced nicotine reward in obese subjects and suggest that this may be mediated by dietary influences on the endogenous opioid system.
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