Four-Year Evaluation of the Effect of Vaccination against Coxiella burnetii on Reduction of Animal Infection and Environmental Contamination in a Naturally Infected Dairy Sheep Flock

Vaccination is considered one of the best options for controlling Coxiella burnetii infection in livestock. The efficacy of a phase I vaccine was investigated over 4 years in a sheep flock with confirmed C. burnetii infection. Shedding was not detected in ewes and yearlings in the last 2 years, but C. burnetii still persisted in the environment.