期刊
NEUROTOXICOLOGY AND TERATOLOGY
卷 27, 期 5, 页码 711-717出版社
PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
DOI: 10.1016/j.ntt.2005.06.013
关键词
domoic acid; zebrafish; glutamate; development; embryo
Domoic acid (DA) is a rigid analog of the excitatory amino acid glutamate. It is produced by the diatom genus Pseudo-nitzschia and is a potent neurotoxin in both adult and developing animals. We have used zebrafish (Danio rerio) as a model to investigate and characterize the developmental toxicity of DA. Domoic acid was administered by microinjection to fertilized eggs at the 128- to 512-cell stages in concentrations ranging from 0.12 to 17 mg/kg (DA/egg weight). DA reduced hatching success by 40% at 0.4 mg/kg and by more than 50% at doses of 1.2 mg/kg and higher. Fifty percent of embryos treated with 1.2 mg/kg DA showed marked tonic-clonic type convulsions at 2 days post fertilization. Four days post fertilization (dpf), all embryos treated with 4.0 mg/kg DA and higher showed a complete absence of touch response reflexes. Commencing 5 dpf, rapid and constant pectoral fin movements were observed, a response which may be related to the hallmark effect in rodents of stereotypic scratching. These data indicate that zebrafish show symptoms of developmental DA toxicity as well as a similar sensitivity comparable to the effects of DA characterized in laboratory rodents. (c) 2005 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
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