Yield of photo-adduct formation of LOV domains from Chlamydomonas reinhardtii by picosecond laser excitation

The photo-excitation of flavin mononucleotide (FMN) in the wild-type light, oxygen and voltage sensitive (LOV) domains of the blue-light photoreceptors phototropin causes the formation of an intermediate flavin-C(4a)-cysteinyl adduct. The adduct formation due to picosecond laser pulse exaction (wavelength 400 nm) is studied on wild-type LOV1 and LOV2 domains of the phototropin phot from Chlamydomonas reinhardtii. The efficiency of adduct formation is probed by detection of the fluorescence signals caused by time-separated picosecond excitation pulses since FMN is fluorescent and the formed adduct is non-fluorescent. Quantum yields of adduct formation of phi(Ad)approximate to 0.06 are determined for excitation with intense single-pulses of energy densities, w(L), comparable to or larger than the saturation energy density, w(sat,S 0), of ground-state population depletion. Under repetitive picosecond pulse excitation conditions the efficiency of adduct formation rises with decreasing picosecond pulse energy density and approaches for w(L)<0.001w(sat,S 0) the continuous blue-light exposure quantum yields of adduct formation in the range from phi(Ad)=0.5-0.9. Picosecond laser pulse induced energy deposition in the LOV domains causing protein conformational changes is discussed as main origin of the intensity dependent reduction of the efficiency of adduct-formation. (C) 2005 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.