The Irbesartan in Heart Failure with Preserved Systolic Function (I-PRESERVE) trial: Rationale and design

Background: Although 40% to 50% of patients with chronic heart failure (HE) have relatively preserved systolic function (PSF), few trials have been conducted in this population and treatment guidelines do not include evidence-based recommendations. Methods and Results: The Irbesartan in Heart Failure with Preserved Systolic Function (I-PRESERVE) is enrolling 4100 subjects with HF-PSF to evaluate whether 300 mg irbesartan is superior to placebo in reducing mortality and prespecified categories of cardiovascular hospitalizations. The principal inclusion criteria are age >= 60 years, heart failure symptoms, an ejection fraction >= 45%, and either hospitalization for heart failure within 6 months or corroborative evidence of heart failure or the substrate for diastolic heart failure. Additional secondary end points include cardiovascular mortality, cattle-specific mortality and morbidity, change in New York Heart Association functional class, quality of life, and N-terminal pro-BNP measurements. Follow-up will continue until 1440 patients experience a primary end point. Substudies will evaluate changes in echocardiographic measurements and serum collagen markers. Conclusion: I-PRESERVE is the largest trial in this understudied area and will provide crucial information on the characteristics and course of the syndrome, as well as the efficacy of the angiotensin receptor blocker irbesartan.