期刊
ANTIOXIDANTS & REDOX SIGNALING
卷 11, 期 12, 页码 3071-3109出版社
MARY ANN LIEBERT, INC
DOI: 10.1089/ars.2009.2484
关键词
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资金
- INSERM (Institut National de la Sante et de la Recherche Medicale)
- University of Toulouse
- Agence Nationale pour la Recherche [ANR-05-PCOD019-01]
- Fondation Coeur et Arteres [FCA-06T6]
- Fondation pour la Recherche Medicale [DCV2007040927]
- Spanish Ministry of Education and Science [BFU2006-14495/BFI, AGL2006-12433]
- Spanish Ministry of Health [RD06/0013/0012, 05-2241, 08-1843]
- Generalitat of Catalunya [2005SGR00101]
- Spanish Ministry of Industry
Diabetes mellitus is a multifactorial disease, classically influenced by genetic determinants of individual susceptibility and by environmental accelerating factors, such as lifestyle. It is considered a major health concern, as its incidence is increasing at an alarming rate, and the high invalidating effects of its long-term complications affect macro- and microvasculature, heart, kidney, eye, and nerves. Increasing evidence indicates that hyperglycemia is the initiating cause of the tissue damage occurring in diabetes, either through repeated acute changes in cellular glucose metabolism, or through the long-term accumulation of glycated biomolecules and advanced glycation end products (AGEs). AGEs represent a heterogeneous group of chemical products resulting from a nonenzymatic reaction between reducing sugars and proteins, lipids, nucleic acids, or a combination of these. The glycation process (glucose fixation) affects circulating proteins (serum albumin, lipoprotein, insulin, hemoglobin), whereas the formation of AGEs implicates reactive intermediates such as methylglyoxal. AGEs form cross-links on long-lived extracellular matrix proteins or react with their specific receptor RAGE, resulting in oxidative stress and proinflammatory signaling implicated in endothelium dysfunction, arterial stiffening, and microvascular complications. This review summarizes the mechanism of glycation and of AGEs formation and the role of hyperglycemia, AGEs, and oxidative stress in the pathophysiology of diabetic complications. Antioxid. Redox Signal. 11, 3071-3109.
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