期刊
TRENDS IN BIOCHEMICAL SCIENCES
卷 30, 期 10, 页码 542-550出版社
ELSEVIER SCIENCE LONDON
DOI: 10.1016/j.tibs.2005.08.005
关键词
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Nucleotide pyrophosphatase/phosphodiesterase (NPP)type ectophosphodiesterases are found at the cell surface as type-I or type-II transmembrane proteins, but are also found extracellularly as secreted or shedded enzymes. They hydrolyze pyrophosphate or phosphodiester bonds in a variety of extracellular compounds including nucleotides, (lyso)phospholipids and choline phosphate esters. Despite their structurally related catalytic domain, each enzyme has well-defined substrate specificity. Catalysis by NPPs affects processes as diverse as cell proliferation and motility, angiogenesis, bone mineralization and digestion. In addition, there is emerging evidence for non-catalytic functions of NPPs in cell signaling. NPP-type ectophosphodiesterases are also implicated in the pathophysiology of cancer, insulin resistance and calcification diseases, and they hold great promise as easily accessible therapeutic targets.
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