XMM-Newton study of the two-dimensional structure of the REFLEX-DXL galaxy clusters

We carry out a two-dimensional study of temperature, entropy, and pressure distributions in a nearly volume-limited subsample of REFLEX clusters at redshift 0.3, the REFLEX-DXL. We use the observations gained by XMM-Newton, which cover the central 1-2 x r(500). We define the substructure in both entropy and pressure as a deviation from the mean profile of the sample. The non-parametric locally weighted regression suggests a broken power-law approximation to the entropy profile with inner and outer slopes of 0.78 and 0.52, respectively, and a break at 0.5r(500). Characterization of the pressure profile is more complex, requiring three power laws, with slopes - 0.64 at r < 0.3r(500), - 2.47 at r > 0.5r(500) and a slope of - 1.50 in between. Analysis of the substructure in the pressure and entropy maps reveals somewhat larger fluctuations around the mean pressure profile compared to the entropy. Typically, pressure fluctuations are found at the 30% level, while the entropy fluctuations are at the 20% level (rms). We compare the cumulative distribution of the substructure level in the REFLEX-DXL sample with the results of numerical simulation, and by means of KS test, show that they are in agreement. A discussion of the origin of the substructure is provided on an individual cluster basis.