Synthesis of low/zero index of refraction metamaterials from frequency selective surfaces using genetic algorithms

Presented is a new means of synthesising thin, planar low or zero index metamaterials (LIM/ZIM) via frequency selective surfaces (FSS), the parameters of which are optimised using a genetic algorithm. FSS-based LIM/ZIM possess advantages such as light weight, ease of fabrication, low loss, and are readily scalable in frequency.