期刊
ANNUAL REVIEW OF PLANT BIOLOGY, VOL 63
卷 63, 期 -, 页码 153-182出版社
ANNUAL REVIEWS
DOI: 10.1146/annurev-arplant-042811-105532
关键词
nitrate; ammonium; nitrogen uptake; nitrogen remobilization; carbohydrate metabolism; phytohormone
资金
- BBSRC [BBS/E/C/00004967] Funding Source: UKRI
- Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council [BBS/E/C/00004967, BBS/E/C/00004166] Funding Source: Medline
Crop productivity relies heavily on nitrogen (N) fertilization. Production and application of N fertilizers consume huge amounts of energy, and excess is detrimental to the environment; therefore, increasing plant N use efficiency (NUE) is essential for the development of sustainable agriculture. Plant NUE is inherently complex, as each step-including N uptake, translocation, assimilation, and remobilization-is governed by multiple interacting genetic and environmental factors. The limiting factors in plant metabolism for maximizing NUE are different at high and low N supplies, indicating great potential for improving the NUE of current cultivars, which were bred in well-fertilized soil. Decreasing environmental losses and increasing the productivity of crop-acquired N requires the coordination of carbohydrate and N metabolism to give high yields. Increasing both the grain and N harvest index to drive N acquisition and utilization are important approaches for breeding future high-NUE cultivars.
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