期刊
ANNUAL REVIEW OF PHYSIOLOGY, VOL 76
卷 76, 期 -, 页码 333-363出版社
ANNUAL REVIEWS
DOI: 10.1146/annurev-physiol-021113-170338
关键词
synaptic vesicles; exocytosis; calcium; SNARE complex; presynaptic active zone
类别
资金
- NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF NEUROLOGICAL DISORDERS AND STROKE [R01NS032405] Funding Source: NIH RePORTER
- NATIONAL INSTITUTE ON DRUG ABUSE [K01DA029044] Funding Source: NIH RePORTER
- NIDA NIH HHS [K01 DA029044] Funding Source: Medline
- NINDS NIH HHS [R01 NS032405, R01 NS32405] Funding Source: Medline
Most neuronal communication relies upon the synchronous release of neurotransmitters, which occurs through synaptic vesicle exocytosis triggered by action potential invasion of a presynaptic bouton. However, neurotransmitters are also released asynchronously with a longer, variable delay following an action potential or spontaneously in the absence of action potentials. A compelling body of research has identified roles and mechanisms for synchronous release, but asynchronous release and spontaneous release are less well understood. In this review, we analyze how the mechanisms of the three release modes overlap and what molecular pathways underlie asynchronous and spontaneous release. We conclude that the modes of release have key fusion processes in common but may differ in the source of and necessity for Ca2+ to trigger release and in the identity of the Ca2+ sensor for release.
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