期刊
ANNUAL REVIEW OF PHYSIOLOGY
卷 72, 期 -, 页码 335-355出版社
ANNUAL REVIEWS
DOI: 10.1146/annurev-physiol-021909-135843
关键词
sleep; ATP; adenosine; NMDA; astrocyte; synapse
类别
资金
- NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF NEUROLOGICAL DISORDERS AND STROKE [R01NS043142, R01NS037585, R01NS054770] Funding Source: NIH RePORTER
- NATIONAL INSTITUTE ON DRUG ABUSE [R01DA025967] Funding Source: NIH RePORTER
- NIDA NIH HHS [R01 DA025967, R01 DA025967-01] Funding Source: Medline
- NINDS NIH HHS [R01 NS043142, R01 NS054770-06, R01 NS054770, R01 NS037585-13, R01 NS037585, R01 NS043142-11] Funding Source: Medline
The past decade has seen an explosion of research on roles of neuron-astrocyte interactions in the control of brain function. We highlight recent studies performed on the tripartite synapse, the structure consisting of pre- and postsynaptic elements of the synapse and an associated astrocytic process. Astrocytes respond to neuronal activity and neuro-transmitters, through the activation of metabotropic receptors, and can release the gliotransmitters ATP, o-serine, and glutamate, which act on neurons. Astrocyte-derived ATP modulates synaptic transmission, either directly or through its metabolic product adenosine. o-serine modulates NMDA receptor function, whereas glia-derived glutamate can play important roles in relapse following withdrawal from drugs of abuse. Cell type specific molecular genetics has allowed a new level of examination of the function of astrocytes in brain function and has revealed an important role of these glial cells that is mediated by adenosine accumulation in the control of sleep and in cognitive impairments that follow sleep deprivation.
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