期刊
ANNUAL REVIEW OF MICROBIOLOGY, VOL 66
卷 66, 期 -, 页码 349-370出版社
ANNUAL REVIEWS
DOI: 10.1146/annurev-micro-092611-150145
关键词
Borrelia; Lyme disease; motor; flagella
类别
资金
- NIAID NIH HHS [AI29743, AI093917, R01 AI087946, AI087946, R01 AI078958, R01 AI029743, R21 AI093917, AI078958] Funding Source: Medline
- NIAMS NIH HHS [R01 AR060834, AR060834] Funding Source: Medline
- NIGMS NIH HHS [R01 GM072004, GM0072004] Funding Source: Medline
Spirochete motility is enigmatic: It differs from the motility of most other bacteria in that the entire bacterium is involved in translocation in the absence of external appendages. Using the Lyme disease spirochete Borrelia burgdorferi (Bb) as a model system, we explore the current research on spirochete motility and chemotaxis. Bb has periplasmic flagella (PFs) subterminally attached to each end of the protoplasmic cell cylinder, and surrounding the cell is an outer membrane. These internal helix-shaped PFs allow the spirochete to swim by generating backward-moving waves by rotation. Exciting advances using cryoelectron tomography are presented with respect to in situ analysis of cell, PF, and motor structure. In addition, advances in the dynamics of motility, chemotaxis, gene regulation, and the role of motility and chemotaxis in the life cycle of Bb are summarized. The results indicate that the motility paradigms of flagellated bacteria do not apply to these unique bacteria.
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